optuna.visualization.plot_intermediate_values

optuna.visualization.plot_intermediate_values(study)[source]

Plot intermediate values of all trials in a study.

Example

The following code snippet shows how to plot intermediate values.

import optuna


def f(x):
    return (x - 2) ** 2


def df(x):
    return 2 * x - 4


def objective(trial):
    lr = trial.suggest_float("lr", 1e-5, 1e-1, log=True)

    x = 3
    for step in range(128):
        y = f(x)

        trial.report(y, step=step)
        if trial.should_prune():
            raise optuna.TrialPruned()

        gy = df(x)
        x -= gy * lr

    return y


sampler = optuna.samplers.TPESampler(seed=10)
study = optuna.create_study(sampler=sampler)
study.optimize(objective, n_trials=16)

fig = optuna.visualization.plot_intermediate_values(study)
fig.show()
Parameters:

study (Study) – A Study object whose trials are plotted for their intermediate values.

Returns:

A plotly.graph_objects.Figure object.

Return type:

Figure